New Towns

New Towns
New Towns
 
['njuːtaʊnz], Neue Städte, staatlich geplante neue Städte in Großbritannien und Nordirland, denen Gesetze (New Town Acts) von 1946, 1965 und 1968 zugrunde liegen. Zwischen 1946 und 1973 wurden 31 New Towns gegründet oder ältere Städte für den weiteren Ausbau zu New Towns bestimmt. Die frühen New Towns folgen in der städtebaulichen Konzeption den auf privater Basis ab 1903 entstandenen Gartenstädten. Die geplanten Bevölkerungszahlen, die zunächst bei 30 000-120 000 Einwohnern lagen, wurden später auf 70 000-450 000 Einwohner erhöht, nach 1976 aufgrund von Finanzierungsschwierigkeiten deutlich reduziert. Bis zum Endausbau wurden die New Towns staatlich verwaltet; sie sind administrativ und wirtschaftlich eigenständig. Mit der Gründung der New Towns sollte neben der Entlastung von Ballungszentren v. a. eine Verbesserung der regionalen Siedlungs- und Wirtschaftsstruktur erreicht werden.
 
Als ungefähr vergleichbare Siedlungstypen entstanden im 20. Jahrhundert z. B. in Deutschland Eisenhüttenstadt, Espelkamp und Wolfsburg, in den Niederlanden Lelystad, in Frankreich Lille-Est, L'Isle d'Abeau (bei Lyon), Le Vaudreuil (bei Rouen) sowie mehrere Villes nouvelles im Raum von Paris, in Australien Canberra, in Brasilien Brasília, in Indien Chandigarh.

Universal-Lexikon. 2012.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Schlagen Sie auch in anderen Wörterbüchern nach:

  • new towns —    The modern British ‘new town’ emerged in the formative years of reconstruction after the Second World War. The national mood favoured a centralist policy to influence the creation of new towns intended to relieve the overcrowding of the great… …   Encyclopedia of contemporary British culture

  • New Towns —    (Rangoon)    Although new towns or satellite towns (Thaketa, North and South Okkalapa) were established by the Caretaker Government between 1958 and 1960, the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) carried out a more ambitious program …   Historical Dictionary of Burma (Myanmar)

  • New Towns Act — could refer to the New Towns Act 1946 New Towns Act 1964 New Towns Act 1971 New Towns Act 1980 New Towns Act 1981 New Towns Act 1982 This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an …   Wikipedia

  • New towns movement — The new town movement refers to towns that were built after World War Two and that have been purposefully, planned, developed and built as a remedy to overcrowding and congestion in some instances, and to scattered ad hoc settlements in… …   Wikipedia

  • New towns in the United Kingdom — Welwyn Garden City, one of the early new towns Below is a list of some of the new towns in the United Kingdom created under the various New Town Acts of the 20th century. Some earlier towns were developed as Garden Cities or overspill estates… …   Wikipedia

  • New Towns Act 1946 — The New Towns Act 1946 (9 10 Geo. VI c. 68) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which allowed the government to designate areas as new towns, and passing development control functions to a Development Corporation. Several new towns …   Wikipedia

  • New towns of Hong Kong — Tin Shui Wai New Town. The area of Hong Kong is very mountainous and many places in the New Territories have limited access to roads. Hong Kong started developing new towns in the 1950s, to accommodate booming populations. In the early days the… …   Wikipedia

  • New towns of Singapore — The new town planning concept was introduced into Singapore with the building of the first New Town, Queenstown, from July 1952 to 1973 by the country s public housing authority, the Housing and Development Board. Today, the vast majority of the… …   Wikipedia

  • New London County, Connecticut — Location in the state of Connecticut …   Wikipedia

  • New Territories — 新界 Location within Hong Kong …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”